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Radio-protection and Environmental Monitoring
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These are part of the assurance that, both the mining activities and the essentially
industrial activities are being developed at no risk to workers, the society and the
environment. INB controls, by means of dosimetric films, have evidenced that the company
operates with annual levels 20 times lower than the indexes set by the Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear - CNEN (Brazilian nuclear regulatory authority).
Also excellent are the results obtained by the environmental monitoring programs
measuring potential influences of INB activities on the quality of soil, air, river,
lake and rain waters, besides systematically evaluating the region flora and fauna behavior.
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INB RESENDE
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Control, through lab analysis, enabling the evaluation and prevention of possible
environmental impacts to the region's environment from the activities at FCN -
Components and Assembly and FCN -Conversion and UO2 Pellets. It is also a way to
ensure that the release of liquid and gaseous effluents from these units is under control,
complying with CNEN, FEEMA and CONAMA release standards.
How is it done?
The region's environment is controlled, through weekly, monthly, bi-annual and annual
analyses, within a 20 km radius, from the INB property area that goes from the
municipality of Areias (SP) to the municipality of Resende (RJ), with a total of 35
sampling points, 15 within the plant area and 20 in the surrounding areas.
During the pre-operational stage (2 years), a survey of the chemical and physical-chemical
parameters of the environmental samples was performed.In the operational phase, the conventional and radiometric analysis are routinely
performed, defining the natural radioactivity levels and assessing the contribution of
these activities in this bottom radiation.
Samples are collected as frequently as established for each type of analysis and are
subsequently analyzed in the Environmental Monitoring Laboratory.
Who performs the control?
A team of specialists at the Coordination of Licensing, Safeguards, Radiological Protection
and Environment.
Which are the parameters analyzed?
All the parameters analyzed with their relevant matrixes, the frequencies and respective
locations, comprise facilities Environmental Monitoring Program , which release
limits are set forth in the current standards.
Different parameters are analyzed in rain, drinkable, underground and surface waters.
Conventional Analyses: Acidity, Alkalinity, Ammonia, Bicarbonate, Calcium, Carbonate, Chloride,
Conductivity, Color, DBO, DQO, Hardness, Iron, Fluoride, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Nickel, Nitrate,
dissolved Oxygen, pH, dissolved solids, total solids, Sulfate, Temperature and Zinc.
Radiometry Analysis: Total uranium (Fluorimetry) -Alfa Spectrometry (U234, U235 and U238).
Fluoride, total uranium and its isotopes are analyzed in the air.
In milk, sediments and muds; in the soil and vegetables: fluoride, total uranium and its isotopes are analyzed.
Also, there are TLD (thermoluminescent dosimeters) installed in various points of the region
integrating the environment gamma radiation doses (natural radiation) coming from the soil,
the air, and cosmic radiation, as well as the contribution to the FCN bottom radiation.
Besides the above controls, FCN has a modern 60 m high tower, with several meteorology
sensors. At 10m level, the wind direction and speed, relative humidity and temperature
are measured, at 60 m level the wind direction and speed and temperature are measured.
Atmospheric pressure, sun radiation and rainfall are measured at ground level.
Atmospheric stability classes (Pasquill) are calculated in function of temperature
gradient and sun radiation. Meteorological data feed calculation models for the
control of gaseous effluents.
Results
The twenty-year history of environmental monitoring in the INB Resende region show
that the Nuclear Fuel Factory activities have caused no alterations to the environment.
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